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Gait in Mild Alzheimer’s Disease: Feasibility of Multi-Center Measurement in the Clinic and Home with Body-Worn Sensors: A Pilot Study
Body-worn sensors used by people with mild Alzheimer’s to assess walking could offer a cost-effective way to detect the disease early and monitor its progression.
Study protocol: Insight 46 – a neuroscience sub-study of the MRC National Survey of Health and Development
The brain changes that occur at least a decade prior to the onset of symptoms of Alzheimer's disease are critical to scientists' understanding of its development. PET-MRI imaging allows the pathological process underpinning cognitive impairment to be assessed repeatedly and non-invasively.
Accuracy of routinely-collected healthcare data for identifying motor neurone disease cases: A systematic review
Large, population-based, prospective cohorts will enable powerful studies of the determinants of Motor Neurone Disease, provided identification of disease cases is sufficiently accurate. We found that primary care datasets, particularly from countries with a widely-accessible national healthcare system, are potentially valuable data sources warranting further investigation.
PET Tau and Amyloid-β Burden in Mild Alzheimer's Disease: Divergent Relationship with Age, Cognition, and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers
This paper compared amyloid and tau pathology markers as acquired from both CSF and PET imaging within a short window of assessment. The data suggests that even in late onset AD, those people that are relatively younger have a dementia driven more by tau than by amyloid pathology whereas those in the oldest old group have a more diverse pathological driver
Small vessels, dementia and chronic diseases-molecular mechanisms and pathophysiology
Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a major contributor to stroke, cognitive impairment and dementia with limited therapeutic interventions. There is a critical need to provide mechanistic insight and improve translation between pre-clinical research and the clinic. A 2-day workshop was held which brought together experts from several disciplines in cerebrovascular disease, dementia and cardiovascular biology, to highlight current advances in these fields, explore synergies and scope for development. These proceedings provide a summary of key talks at the workshop with a particular focus on animal models of cerebral vascular disease and dementia, mechanisms and approaches to improve translation. The outcomes of discussion groups on related themes to identify the gaps in knowledge and requirements to advance knowledge are summarized.
Commonly prescribed drugs associate with cognitive function: a cross-sectional study in UK Biobank
Population-based cross-sectional cohort study to investigate medications associated with cognitive function.
The relationship between alcohol use and long-term cognitive decline in middle and late life: a longitudinal analysis using UK Biobank
Using UK Biobank data, this study sought to explain the causal relationship between alcohol intake and cognitive decline in middle and older aged populations.
Spatial patterns of neuroimaging biomarker change in individuals from families with autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease: a longitudinal study
We aimed to characterise where in the brain and when in the course of the disease neuroimaging biomarkers become abnormal. Findings suggesting differential regional and temporal vulnerabilities to Aβ, metabolic decline, and structural atrophy, which should be taken into account when using biomarkers in a clinical setting as well as designing and evaluating clinical trials.
Polygenic risk of Alzheimer's disease and neurodegenerative related traits and their association with cognitive function: UK Biobank and The Dementias Platform UK
Genome-wide association studies have identified a number of genes which are associated with increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, a disease characterised by progressive decline in cognitive abilities, including episodic memory and executive functioning. In ageing, scores on cognitive tests vary substantially within the population and there may be shared genetic aetiology between cognitive functions and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, the association between polygenic profile scores for Alzheimer's disease, as well as measures associated to neurodegeneration, and cognitive function was investigated.
Moderating lifestyle and psychosocial factors on genetic susceptibility to dementia comorbidities: an MRC dementias platform UK (DPUK) supported study
Evidence suggests that certain lifestyle factors moderate the manifestation of genetic susceptibility to complex diseases such as dementia and its co-morbidities. In these conditions multiple genetic loci explain greater variance in risk than a single candidate gene alone. The present study uses a large UK sample to investigate lifestyle and psychosocial factors that may interact with associations between polygenic scores for specific diseases (e.g. obesity, coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes), and their manifestation in adulthood, with particular attention to sex-specific effects.
Childhood intelligence in relation to major causes of death in 68 year follow-up: prospective population study
Evidence from this whole population birth cohort study linking childhood intelligence test scores to causes of death, in a follow-up period spanning ages 11 to 79 years, demonstrated how this childhood trait is associated with lifetime risk of dementia-related mortality, with a stronger effect in women relative to men. This highlights the importance of considering a lifespan approach to studying dementia risk and to developing intervention strategies.
The Edinburgh Consensus: preparing for the advent of disease-modifying therapies for Alzheimer's disease.
This commentary discusses the implications of disease-modifying treatments for Alzheimer’s disease which seem likely to appear in the next few years and results from a meeting of British experts in neurodegenerative diseases in Edinburgh.
BDNF Val66Met moderates memory impairment, hippocampal function and tau in preclinical autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease.
Using participants from the DIAN study demonstrated that possessing one copy of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Met 66 allele increased the severity of impairment in episodic memory and hippocampal function in preclinical autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease. The work shows that BDNF is important to the preclinical presentation of AD.
Genetic risk factors for the posterior cortical atrophy variant of Alzheimer's disease.
The genetics underlying posterior cortical atrophy (PCA), typically a rare variant of Alzheimer's disease (AD), remain uncertain.
Clinical phenotype and genetic associations in autosomal dominant familial Alzheimer's disease: a case series.
Retrospective data analysis of genotypic and selected phenotypic data from individuals with ADAD seen at the Dementia Research Centre in London. Results indicate ADAD phenotypes are heterogenous with age at onset and clinical features influenced by mutation position and causative gene. This highlights the need for genetic testing in young patients with dementia and additional neurological features, especially if there is a family history of AD or no family history available.